Question 968: Thermodynamics & KTG

Question

The equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system is described by
A. Pressure
B. Total heat
C. Temperature
D. Volume
E. Work done
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is
Option D: A, C and D only
. Here's why:
The equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system is defined by a set of conditions where the system is in a stable, unchanging state.  These conditions include:
Pressure (A):
A measure of the force exerted by the system per unit area. At equilibrium, the pressure within the system is constant and uniform.
Temperature (C):
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles within the system. At equilibrium, the temperature throughout the system is constant and uniform.
Volume (D):
The amount of space occupied by the system. At equilibrium, the volume remains constant unless external forces act upon the system.
Let's examine why the other options are incorrect:
Total heat (B):
While heat transfer can occur during a process, the total heat content of a system is not a defining characteristic of its equilibrium state. Equilibrium is about the absence of net change, not the total amount of energy present.
Work done (E):
Work is a process, not a state variable. It describes the energy transfer during a change in the system, not its equilibrium condition.
In summary, pressure, temperature, and volume are the key state variables that define the equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system because they are constant and uniform under these conditions.

Answer

A, B and E only

Answer

B, C and D only

Answer

A, B and C only

Answer

A, C and D only

Thermodynamics & KTG

The equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system is described by A. Pressure B. Total heat C. Temperature D. Volume E. Work done Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Choose the correct answer: